perm filename VIETNA.NS[ESS,JMC]3 blob
sn#256871 filedate 1977-01-05 generic text, type T, neo UTF8
a015 2340 21 Oct 76
PM-U.S.-Vietnam, Bjt, 490
By GEORGE GEDDA
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - After six months of exchanging messages, the
United States and Vietnam are moving toward agreement on opening
preliminary talks about normalizing relations, qualified officials
say.
However, U.S. officials say they are trying to avoid any ''sterile
debate'' with the Vietnamese and that the United States wants to
''test the waters'' in preliminary talks with Vietnam before
committing itself to hard bargaining.
''We want to talk about talks,'' one official said.
The plan, sources say, calls for meetings to be held in Paris with
the two sides represented by embassy officials. No time has been set.
The chief American objective is a full accounting of the 800
Ameican servicemen still listed as missing in action in Vietnam.
Democratic presidential candidate Jimmy Carter said in his second
debate with President Ford two weeks ago that ''aggressive action'' is
needed to obtain an accounting of MIAs. Carter said Ford's refusal to
send an MIA fact-finding commission to Indochina is ''one of the most
embarrassing failures of the Ford administration.''
It is unclear whether Carter's accusations contributed to the break
in the impasse of face-to-face talks.
Since April, there have been seven notes exchanged between the two
countries, and the breakthrough on opening talks apparently came with
the most recent note, from the American side, earlier this month. No
official would give the precise date of the note but one official
said it was about Oct. 11, five days after the second Carter-Ford
debate.
On Oct. 15, Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger hinted that talks
were near but gave no details. So far as is known, there have been no
meetings between American and Vietnamese officials since the signing
of the Paris peace agreement in January 1973.
The main Vietnamese goal in negotiations with the United States is
U.S. reconstruction aid, which Washington pledged as part of the Paris
pact. The U.S. position is that Hanoi is not entitled to such aid
because of what the Ford administration describes as massive
violations of the pact by Hanoi in its conquest of South Vietnam last
year.
Carter has given no indication he disagrees with administration
policy on this issue. In any case, aid for Vietnam has virtually no
support in the U.S. Congress.
However, there are some advantages for Vietnam in negotiating with
the United States. An easing of relations would enable Vietnam to
fulfill its goal of gaining admission to the United Nations.
Both Ford and Carter have said they would veto any Vietnamese
application for U.N. membership as long as the MIAs remained
unaccounted for.
Officials also say Hanoi sees symbolic value in winning U.S.
recognition. ''This would legitimatize, and, in effect, give the U.S.
blessing to Hanoi's takeover of South Vietnam,'' an official said.
U.S. interests in negotiating with Vietnam extend beyond the MIA
issu. Officials are still worried that Vietnam may try to expand its
influence in Southeast Asia, and they believe that extensive
diplomatic, trade and economic ties with the West will have the
long-range effect of tempering Vietnamese behavior.
0241aED 10-22
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a041 0225 11 Nov 76
PM-U.N.-Vietnam, 350
By WILLIAM N. OATIS
Associated Press Writer
UNITED NATIONS, N.Y. (AP) - The United States apparently is
preparing to block Vietnam's application for membership in the United
Nations for the fourth time in 15 months.
The Security Council has scheduled another debate Friday on the
application from the unified country. A vote is expected by the middle
of next week, but Washington signaled that it still intends to keep
Vietnam out of the world organization.
The United States told a private meeting of the council's membership
committee Wednesday that it ''could not acquiesce'' at this time in
recommending that the General Assembly admit Vietnam, informed sources
said.
Some diplomats said the veto might be averted if the U.S.-Vietnam
talks opening Friday in Paris produce quick progress on what the
Americans consider the central issue, the U.S. demand for a full
accounting of some 800 Americans missing in action in the Vietnam war.
But these sources said there was little chance of that happening.
The 14 other Security Council members spoke in favor of the
Vietnamese application at Wednesday's meeting. the assembly cannot
admit a new member without a recommendation from the council, and a
big-power veto would block that recommendation.
In July 1975, after the Communist victory in Indochina, North and
South Vietnam applied separately for U.N. membership. The United
States vetoed both applications twice, using the excuse that the
council had refused to take up South Korea's membership application.
The second vetoes followed a General Assembly appeal for
reconsideration.
Vietnam after its unification filed a new application on Aug. 10.
The council postponed consideration of it until after the U.S.
presidential election because Ambassador William Scranton said
President Ford instructed him to use the veto again. This time the
complaint was the so-called MIA issue, the failure of Hanoi to supply
the information on the men missing in action.
President-elect Jimmy Carter said at the time that he agreed with
Ford's decision.
0526aED 11-11
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n747 0351 11 Nov 76
By LAURA GREEN
(c) 1976, Chicago Sun-Times (Nov. 11)
CHICAGO - So this is Daniel Berrigan, this tired, frail man.
Red-rimmed eyes, long johns against the cold peeping through his
shirt cuffs, a quiet slow way of speaking - signs, perhaps, of too
many speeches, too many vigils, too many meetings to lift the
spirits of the faithful.
The Rev. Daniel Berrigan, a Jesuit priest who served two prison
terms for demonstrations, first against the war in Vietnam and then
against the proliferation of nuclear weapons, has taken to the
road again to visit college campuses and hold weekend retreats to
spark peace activists.
Attending a meet-and-greet at the American Friends Service
Committee here yesterday, he talked about the peace movements and
its apparent doldrums.
''We're in a low, low fever period of discouragement, apathy and
despair,'' said Father Berrigan, who teaches in a small college
for part-time, older students in New York City and lives in a Jesuit
apartment community in Manhattan's Upper West Side. ''I suppose
it's inevitable after 15 years of dreadful upheaval.''
Despite this, Father Berrigan believes there's a yearning for
a quieter, calmer, violence-free way of life. ''You can't miss it
when you're on campus. You hear it in the questions they ask,''
he said. ''There's a tremendous hunger for a decent society.''
Father Berrigan seems appalled by much and comforted by little.
He fears nuclear submarines, B-1 bombers and what he calls the
militarization of consciousness. ''There's police in schools, guard
dogs in the stores, bulletproof windows in the post office,'' he said.
Father Berrigan stil writes plays and poems. ''If I wasn't
working in several directions, I'd dry up and blow away,'' he said.
''Life is so insane, you might as well improvise.''
jj 11-11 (Endit Green)
cd
...
(End missing.)
**********
a107 0857 11 Nov 76
PM-Vietnam Arms, 260
WASHINGTON (AP) - An estimated $5 billion in American-supplied
weapons, including hundreds of planes, helicopters, tanks, artillery
pieces and naval craft, were lost to the communists in the collapse of
South Vietnam, the Pentagon says.
The newly declassified report provides the first publicly detailed
breakdown of the captured hardware since Hanoi's forces took over
South Vietnam in spring of 1975. By itself, the list constitutes an
entire army, air forces and navy.
The gear includes 430 util$ty helicopters, 36 larger Ch47 Chinook
helicopters, 73 F5 fighter planes, 113 A37 light bombers, 36 A1
bombers, 90 transport planes and 212 miscellaneous aircraft.
The Pentagon put the number of naval craft lost at 940, most of them
patrol and river-warfare vessels.
The inventory also included 550 tanks, 1,200 armored personnel
carriers, 1,330 howitzers and self-propelled guns, 63,000 antitank
weapons, 47,000 grenade launchers and 12,000 mortars.
A total of 1.6 million rifles, including 791,000 M16s, were listed,
along with 15,000 machine guns and 90,000 pistols.
The North Vietnamese also inherited a mountain of 130,000 tons of
ammunition, 42,000 trucks and 48,000 radios.
The Pentagon said the captured equipment may have deteriorated from
climate and weather conditions in South Vietnam. Nor does the list
''take into account the degree of damage inflicted upon portions of
the equipment left behind by retreating Republic of Vietnam forces
during the final days,'' the report said.
Defense spokesmen told Congress some time ago they thought about $2
billion worth of the equipment was in serviceable shape when the
North Vietnamese took over.
They noted also that much of the gear would be of value only until
spare parts are needed.
1156aES 11-11
**********
n018 0943 11 Nov 76
BC-POLITICS TODAY 1stadd
(COMMENTARY)
WASHINGTON: siutation.,
The reason that Jimmy Carter has been such a puzzle all
year - first among Democrats sorting out potential nominees
in the primaries and then among the voters at large - is
that he defies categorization in the terms that we have come
to use as shorthand. He is a ''liberal'' on tax reform but
a ''conservative'' on health insurance. He is suspicious
of detente one moment, dubious about some of our weapons
systems the next. The pattern is a lack of pattern, at least
of the kind we have come to expect. The politicians have
been complaining for years that our shorthand is oversimplified
and inaccurate; Carter is their ultimate proof.
One reason, of course, is that the president-elect comes
to Washington without any history of involvement in the issues
we have used to sort out the politicians. He did not have
to vote on the civil rights bills of the 1960s or the Vietnam
appropriations of the 1970s. He was not in the trenches against
the Nixon administration.
This was a serious problem for Carter during the primaries.
Democrats had no history of shared experiences with him,
no benchmarks by which to categorize him. They were forced
to try to do it with issues, such as abortion and amnesty,
on which ideological lines are blurred.
As he becomes president, however, Carter arrives with far
less baggage than most of his predecessors, a politically
liberated man free to write new definitions for measuring
national leaders. And the first hints of what those definitions
will be will come from the appointments he makes over the
next few weeks.
(NOT FOR USE IN BOSTON HERALD, QUINCY, DETROIT AND SAN FRANCISCO)
1111 1242pes
**********
n022 1008 11 Nov 76
BC-BOYCOTT 1stadd
WASHN: public.
The fundamental problem, however, lies not in determining
what is legal but in what is in keeping with national policy.
This depends on the seldom-drawn distinction between primary
boycotts and secondary boycotts.
A primary boycott is one in which the Arab countries, say,
refuse to carry on any trade with Israel, either directly
or indirectly through third countries or companies. This
kind of boycott is a legitimate, long-recognized tool used
in international relations. Primary boycotts are being employed
now by the United States against Cuba, North Korea and Vietnam,
for instance.
Jewish interest generally would not make participation in
primary boycotts illegal if companies did no more than furnish
information or comply with ''reasonable'' restrictions of
goods and services. However, since reports filed by American
companies must disclose all Arab requests for information
involving their trade with Israel, the result is that scores
of companies have been named in news stories that implied
they were guilty of anti-Israel practices.
In fact, many of the companies were simply reporting to
the government - as required by law - that they had been
asked by the Arabs to certify to things they may never have
done.
So ''compliance'' with the Arab boycott can mean a wide
range of things, including the furnishing of information
in circumstances where a company makes no change in its business
practices so as to actively boycott Israel. Jewish groups,
however, insist that there are several reasons to keep the
reporting requirements for participation in primary boycotts.
But it is the secondary boycott, an attempt to prevent American
companies from doing business with Israel and with other
American companies that do so, that produces the objectionable
practices.
Apart from the question of whether a foreign government
should be permitted to dictate the terms under which American
companies do business, the result may be to impede competition
in this country. This is because companies that refuse to
comply with a secondary boycott may be placed on an Arab
blacklist and thus suffer a loss of business to other American
companies.
Compliance with the secondary boycott may be either direct
(such as refusing to accept Israeli orders) or indirect (such
as refusing to finance a transaction or by furnishing information
to the Arabs).
Permitting the Arabs to question American companies has
several bad effects, according to Jewish leaders. First,
they say, it makes the companies more fully aware of the
existence of the boycott and encourages surreptitious shifts
in business away from Israel and blacklisted companies. Second,
they say, it isolates those American companies that refuse
to comply. Accordingly, it is considered important that the
''bad guys'' include not only those companies that alter
their conduct because of boycott requests but also those
companies that simply supply information.
1111 1306pes
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a219 1102 11 Nov 76
AM-LATE NEWS ADVISORY,
We will expedite an AMs story on the stay of Gary Gilmore's
exection.
In connection with the Calder obituary, we call your attention to
Wirephotos NY14, 16 and 26. These show examples of Calder's work.
Upcoming will be Wirephoto NY27, showing ''Le Cirque Calder,'' one of
his more famous paintings.
Also upcoming, in addition to AMs Digest stories:
WASHINGTON - Rep. John Buchanan, an ordained Baptist minister, says
the refusal of Jimmy Carter's church in Plains to open its doors to
blacks is an ebarrassment to all Southern Baptists.
WASHINGTON - W. Anthony Lake, who resigned from the State Department
in protest of U.S. policy toward Cambodia, is Carter's choice to
handle the foreign policy transition.
MILWAUKEE - Bus drvers' complaints of assaults and vandalism aboard
their buses lead them into a wildcat strike, paralyzing municipal
transit service.
PARIS - In Paris for Armistice Day, Americans in their 80s tell how
it was trading shells with Germans in World War I.
WASHINGTON - A convicted criminal says in written testimony that
with the cooperation of doctors, he sold pep pills to support his
heroin habit. New material, developing.
WASHINGTON - The American Bankers Association says the federal
government should not get involved any further in an electronic
payments system. New material, may stand.
SAN DIEGO - The bad news was radioed to tuna seiners at sea Thursday
- no more fishing for the abundant and lucrative yellowfin tuna
because of the danger to porpoises, which travel with yellowfin.
The AP
1401pES 11-11
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a255 1435 11 Nov 76
AM-Lake, 300
By BARRY SCHWEID
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - W. Anthony Lake, who quit his job under Secretary
of State Henry A. Kissinger in 1970 to protest the Cambodian
incursion, will handle the transition in foreign policy for
President-elect Jimmy Carter.
The State Department said Thursday it has been notified of Lake's
appointment and that Lake would meet with Lawrence Eagleburger, a
close Kissinger aide designated to represent the department in the
transition. No announcement has been made by the Carter transition
office.
Robert L. Funseth, the department spokesman, said Lake would see
Kissinger next week.
Lake, 37, served as an adviser to Carter during the campaign.
A native of New Canaan, Conn., Lake is a graduate of Harvard and
Princeton and was a Foreign Service officer from 1962 to 1970 He was
based in Vietnam during the war and also held a post in the
department's Far Eastern Bureau here.
Kissinger chose Lake as an assistant when he joined the Nixon
administration as national security adviser. Lake resigned from the
National Security Council staff April 29, 1970, protesting the
decision to send combat troops into Cambodia.
In 1974, he filed a suit against President Nixon, Kissinger and
others claiming his home telephone was tapped for nine months after he
resigned from the security council staff.
The suit claimed ''unauthorized overhearing and surveillance of ...
intimate personal and private conservations'' violating the privacy
rights of Lake and his wife, Toni.
In the suit, Lake's lawyer argued that the taps were based only on
suspicion that Lake had disagreed with the foreign policy objectives
of the Nixon administration.
1731pES 11-11
**********
a274 1638 11 Nov 76
AM-Kissinger-Vietnam, 440
WASHINGTON (AP) - Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger is quoted in
a study released Thursday as saying that Vietnam sees the
establishment of friendly relations with the United States as crucial
to the maintenance of its independence and sovereignty.
The study, issued on the eve of opening of talks between the United
States and Vietnam on the prospects for normalizing relations, quotes
Kissinger as giving the following assessment of Vietnamese attitudes:
''They need a third country to balance the Soviets and China . . . .
Vietnam doesn't want either China or Russia to be too influential. It
hopes they will continue to oppose each other and that neither will
win. They are banking on the U.S. to be opposed to both.''
The quotes are contained in a 46-page analysis of U.S.-Vietnamese
postwar relations by Gareth Porter, an associate of the Indochina
Resource Center. Porter has opposed American policies in Southeast
Asia for many years.
He said Kissinger's previously unpublished remarks were given in
late 1975 and early 1976 before closed meetings of the House Select
Committee on Missing Persons in Southeast Asia. Porter once served as
a staff consultant to the committee.
The United States and Vietnamese representatives are scheduled to
meet Friday in Paris to determine if there is any basis for
substantive discussions on normal relations.
''They need normalization more than we do,'' Kissinger was quoted as
telling the committee. ''They have to come to us.''
When a committee member suggested that the United States might help
Vietnam with technology and epertise in the detonation of mines and
bombs left unexploded in the soil, the report said Kissinger objected
that Hanoi would ''call it American penance.''
Vietnam's chief objective in talks with the United States is war
reconstruction aid, provided under Article 21 of the Vietnam peace
accords of 1973. The United States has said that Vietnam disqualified
itself from receiving U.S. aid because of its invasion and conquest
of South Vietnam last year.
According to the report, Kissinger told the committee: ''We'll
discuss economics and trade (with Vietnam), but not Article 21. I gag
at direct aid.''
Kissinger also was quoted as telling the committee he found the
American interest in obtaining an accounting for the MIAs an obstacle
in forcing the Vietnamese to drop their insistence on U.S.
reconstruction aid.
''If it weren't for the MIAs,'' he said, ''they would be driven
toward us. The more anxious we are, the tougher they get.''
State Department officials had no immediate comment on the accuracy
of the remarks attributed to Kissinger.
1925pES 11-11
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n090 1742 11 Nov 76
AM-EXECUTE 2takes 750
By GRACE LICHTENSTEIN
c.1976 N.Y. Times News Service
SALT LAKE CITY - Gov. Calvin L. Rampton of Utah Thursday
stayed the execution of Gary Mark Gilmore at least until
after the State Board of Pardons meets Wednesday.
Gilmore, a convicted murderer, had asked to be executed
by a firing squad on Monday, as scheduled. The death penalty
has not been carried out in the United States for more than
nine years.
Rampton's dramatic late announcement came the day after
the Utah Supreme Court had granted Gilmore's request by voiding
an earlier appeal for a stay. The 35-year-old convict, clean
shaven, in leg irons and white prison denims, came before
the five justices Wednesday to plead personally for that
decision.
Despite Gilmore's request, a great deal of confusion surrounds
the legal precedence in this case. Gilmore had dismissed
his two court appointed attorneys execution. His new attorneys,
his former attorneys, the NAACP Legal Defense Fund, the American
Civil Liberties Union and the State Attorney General have
all become involved.
Rampton said in a letter to the Board of Pardons that he
was stepping into the case because it was his duty under
the state constitution. The Governor, who is retiring in
January, made it clear that he was expressing no opinion
on the death sentence itself or the possibility of commuting
it.
''I believe the death sentence is justifiable in appropriate
cases,'' he wrote. But he pointed out that the job of the
Board of Pardons in such cases is to determine whether the
trial judge had handed down a fair punishment.
The letter was addressed to the chairman of the pardons
board, George W. Latimer. Latimer was a defense attorney
for Lt. William Calley, the officer convicted for his part
in the My Lai massacre in Vietnam.
The law requires the board to review Gilmore's case at its
next meeting, which is Wednesday. If it upholds the sentence
the trial judge would have to set a new date for execution.
In 1974, in another case involving an earlier Utah death
penalty statute, the Utah Supreme Court said that it found
the general concept of capital punishment acceptable. In
that case, regarding a defendant named James Walker Winkle,
the court vacated the death sentence. The court made clear,
however, that it was doing so reluctantly, and only because
of the U.S. Supreme Court's 1972 decision in the Furman case,
striking down death penalty laws then in effect in the United
States.
The Utah Court, in the Winkle case, commented: ''To say
that Furman has created a (expletive deleted) quandary for
state legislatures and courts is to put it mildly.''
(MORE)
1111 2038pes
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a013 2246 11 Nov 76
PM-News Advisory,
UPCOMING:
WASHINGTON - Former Undersecretary of State Eugene Rostow, a key
figure in the Vietnam war era, is calling on President-elect Jimmy
Carter to raise defense spending to head off ''a sense of panic that
could lead to war.''
WASHINGTON - Catholic bishops vote to reaffirm traditional Catholic
values on sexual conduct.
PHILADELPHIA - The widow of Pvt. Eddie Slovik, the first American
soldier to be executed for desertion since the Civil War, wants her
late husband's court martial verdict reversed so she can collect the
principal and interest on his $10,000 life insurance policy.
BURLINGTON, Iowa - An area agency to help the aged has fired five
drivers of vans to transport senior citizens because of their age. The
agency's insurance company cancelled its auto insurance policy and no
other company would issue the insurance for the older drivers.
SAN FRANCISCO - Patricia Hearst's attorneys plead today for her
freedom on bail - a measure that one attorney called a ''panacea'' for
security problems that spurred her transfer to a new prison earlier
this week.
UNDATED - The political seers and pundits are speculating at length
about what surprises the new administration holds. A whimsical
glimpse ahead by a son of Dixie whose insight into grave matters of
state stems directly from that red clay soil. By AP Newsfeatures
Writer Jules Loh.
NEW YORK - Adults and children watched in fascination as a small
white ball suspended from a metal arm moved in random pats, sometimes
striking one of the red metal saucers on the floor with a resounding
''gong.'' Alexander Calder, who created the mobile on exhibit
Thursday at the Whitney Museum of American Art, was dead but his
creations continued to intrigue and amuse those who had come to see
them.
The AP
0145aES 11-12
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a014 2255 11 Nov 76
PM-Carter-Kissinger, Bjt, 430
By BARRY SCHWEID
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - W. Anthony Lake, named as Jimmy Carter's emissary
to the State Department for the transition, says he does not expect
his wiretapping suit against Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger to
interfere with his job.
''I am going to work in a positive, and I hope, effective manner,''
the former Kissinger aide said Thursday. ''I don't believe this
long-standing matter will impair my ability to work closely with State
Department officials.''
Lake has a suit pending in U.S. District Court here charging that
Kissinger and former President Richard M. Nixon invaded his privacy by
tapping his home telephone for nine months after he quit his National
Security Council job in 1970 to protest the U.S. invasion of
Cambodia.
The suit, filed in 1974, contends the wiretapping was based solely
on suspicion that Lake disagreed with the Nixon administration's
foreign policy objectives. The tap was not ended until February 1971,
two months after Lake began working for Sen. Edmund S. Muskie,
D-Maine, then an aspirant for the Democratic presidential nomination.
The State Department said Thursday that Lake would be given
''important papers of relevance'' by Lawrence S. Eagleburger, a close
aide to Kissinger, and then meet with Kissinger next week.
Asked how Kissinger had reacted to the naming of Lake, the
department spokesman, Robert L. Funseth, said the ''secretary
reaffirmed his commitment to cooperate to the fullest possible extent
with whoever is designated to be in charge of the transition of the
new administration at the State Department.''
Lake said in an interview that he ''looked forward to working with
Larry Eagleburger and all of his associates.''
Lake and Eagleburger were aides to Nicholas Katzenbach a decade ago
when he was undersecretary of state in the Johnson administration.
A graduate of Harvard and Princeton, Lake was a Foreign Service
officer from 1962 to 1970. He joined Kissinger's staff in the White
House in June 1969 after Nixon named Kissinger as national security
director. He resigned in June 1970.
Lake first met Carter last summer and served during the campaign as
a member of his foreign policy advisory group. For the transition he
has set up shop in the office of Vice President-elect Walter F.
Mondale and will be given space at the State Department.
The meeting with Eagleburger, deputy undersecretary for management,
was scheduled for Thursday and then postponed without explanation. A
State Department announcement said Lake ''would be back in touch with
Mr. Eagleburger to set up a new meeting.''
Lake will require a security clearance before he is given classified
material, the department said.
0154aES 11-12
**********
a015 2304 11 Nov 76
PM-Transition Rdp, 490
By MICHAEL PUTZEL
Associated Press Writer
WASHINGTON (AP) - President-elect Jimmy Carter reportedly has not
decided on a successor to Robert Strauss as Democratic National
Chairman, but Strauss and Hamilton Jordan, Carter's campaign manager,
have discussed 10 to 12 possible candidates for the post.
Jordan and Strauss discusssed the chairmanship at a luncheon meeting
Thursday, a party spokesman said. Strauss' term expires in January,
and he has said he does not wish to be reappointed.
Jordan told Strauss that Carter had not yet addressed the question
of a new partychairman. Jordan also reportedly discussed a possible
job for Strauss in the new administration.
The chairman has said he plans to resume practicing law in
Washington and in his home state of Texas, but an aide said he would
consider an offer if Carter makes one.
Carter's choice for party chairman is almost certain to be named
chairman by the national committee.
Traditionally, the chairmanship is less important when the party
holds the White House, and the president is the real party leader.
Meanwhile, Republican National Chairman Mary Louise Smith discounted
reports that she is about to resign. Mrs. Smith said Thursday she has
not been asked to step down and has made no decision about whether
she will serve out the remaining two years of her term.
Also at Jordan's meeting with Strauss was Frank Moore, Carter's
congressional liaison. Strauss' spokesman said the chairman offered to
help Moore in dealing with Capitol Hill.
Some members of Congress have indicated dissatisfaction with Moore,
but Carter reportedly believes the problems are not serious and will
improve when Moore has a larger staff.
Jordan apparently returned to Georgia Thursday without meeting with
Jack H. Watson Jr., Carter's transition coordinator here.
Members of the transition staff here downplayed reports of a feud
between Jordan and Watson. One said both men will attend a meeting
with Carter at his home in Plains, Ga., today.
A Watson aide said the problem stems from trying to work out new
roles in the transition and the new administration. He added that
relations between the two men remain ''quite amicable.''
Carter's talent scouts are concentrating on the 200 or so
appointments that Carter will make personally, a spokesman said. But
he added he had no idea when Carter would get down to deciding what
individuals he wants to fill those posts.
Watson spent most of Thursday meeting with members of his staff
preparing to move into new quarters in a building occupied by the
Department of Health, Education and Welfare. He also met with a member
of the White House communications office staff to discuss improving
day-to-day communications between Washington and Plains.
Watson reportedly plans to assign Carter representatives to each
federal department and agency by Monday. W. Anthony Lake, who in 1970
quit a job as an aide to Henry Kissinger in protest of the U.S.
invasion of Cambodia, was named Thursday to head Carter's transition
team at the State Department.
0203aES 11-12
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a026 0034 12 Nov 76
PM-U.S.-Vietnam, Bjt, 470
By PAUL TREUTHARDT
Associated Press Writer
PARIS (AP) - Little or no progress is expected before January in the
talks opening today in Paris between the United States and Vietnam.
U.S. spokesman say any major decisions on relations with Vietnam
must await President-elect Jimmy Carter's inauguration. Observers also
say the Vietnamese Communist party is expected to redefine the
reunited nation's foreign policy at its congress in Hanoi next month.
No improvement in Vietnamese-American relations appears likely after
the change in U.S. administrations unless Hanoi meets the American
demand for a full accounting of the 800 U.S. servicemen listed as
missing in action in Vietnam.
This was promised in the 1973 Paris peace agreement, and President
Ford has made the information the precondition for progress toward
normal relations. Carter during the campaign approved Ford's stand.
Vietnam demands that the United States live up to its promise in the
peace agreement to help rebuild the war-ravaged country. But
Washington has said Hanoi lost any right to American aid when its
troops overran South Vietnam last year.
Vietnam also wants the United States to stop blocking its admission
to the United Nations. But the Ford administration says it will veto
thevVietnamese application as long as the information on the missing
Americans is not forthcoming.
The Security Council is taking up the Vietnamese application today.
A vote is expected early next week, and American officials said they
anticipate no concssions from Hanoi that would cause Washington to
withhold its veto.
The Paris talks are the first between the United States and its
Communist adversary in the long Vietnam war since the 1973 peace
negotiations. Te two governments are being represented initially by
the second-ranking officers of their Paris embassies, Samuel R. Gammon
and Tran Hoan.
Each man was to read a prepared statement at the opening session
today, and no discussion was planned.
''We're going to be hard-nosed but not belligerent,'' said one
American official. ''It's not going to be a friendly meeting.''
There has been no indication of how frequently Gammon and Hoan will
meet or when higher-ranking officials might take part.
A report issued in Washington Thursday by the Indochina Resource
Center, a private American group, said Secretary of State Henry A.
Kissinger told a congressional committee early this year that Vietnam
wants normal relations with the United States to balance the
influence of the Soviet Union and China.
''They need normalization more than we do,'' Kissinger reportedly
said. ''They have to come to us.''
The report said Kissinger also told the committee the United States
was prepared to discuss ''economics and trade'' with Vietnam but not
reconstruction aid.
''I gag at direct aid,'' Kissinger reportedly said.
0333aES 11-12
**********
a027 0041 12 Nov 76
PM-Kissinger-Vietnam, 400
With Paris U.S-Vietnam
WASHINGTON (AP) - On the eve of Paris talks to normalize
U.S.-Vietnamese relations, Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger is
quoted as saying the Vietnamese ''need normalization more than we do''
because they want to balance off Russia and China.
''Vietnam doesn't want either China or Russia to be too strong,''
Kissinger was quoted in a 46-page analysis of U.S.-Vietnamese postwar
relations.
U.S. and Vietnamese representatives are scheduled to meet today in
Paris to explore whether there is any basis for substantive
discussions on normalizing relations.
The report, by Gareth Porter, an associate of the Indochinese
Resource Center, said Kissinger's previously unpublished remarks were
made in late 1975 and early 1976 before the House Select Committee on
Missing Persons in Southeast Asia.
The study, released Thursday, quoted Kissinger as saying Vietnam
needs a third country to balance Russia and China so neither will be
too influential. Vietnam ''hopes they will continue to oppose each
other and that neither will win. They are banking on the U.S. to be
opposed to both,'' Kissinger was quoted as telling the committee.
Porter, a longtime opponent of U.S. policies in Southeast Asia, once
served as a staff consultant to the House committee.
A chief Vietnamese aim in the Paris talks is to gain the war
reconstruction aid that the United States promised under Article 21 of
the Vietnam peace accords in 1973.
The United States has said North Vietnam's invasion and conquest of
South Vietnam last year has disqualified Vietnam for such aid.
The report quotes Kissinger as telling the committee: ''We'll
discuss economics and trade, but not Article 21. I gag at direct
aid.''
The report says Kissinger rejected a committee member's suggestion
that the United States might help the Vietnamese with technology and
expertise in detonating land mines and bombs left unexploded in their
soil. Kissinger objected on the grounds that Hanoi would ''call it
American penance.''
Kissinger was also quoted as saying he found the American interest
in obtaining an accounting for American MIAs an obstacle in forcing
the Vietnamese to drop their insistence on U.S. reconstruction aid.
''If it weren't for the MIAs, they would be driven toward us,'' he
said. ''The more anxious we are, the tougher they get.''
There was no immediate comment from the State Department on the
remarks attributed to Kissinger.
0340aES 11-12
**********
a042 0220 12 Nov 76
PM-Slovik, 350
By JAMES ROBINS
Associated Press Writer
PHILADELPHIA (AP) - The widow of World War II Pvt. Eddie Slovik, the
only American soldier executed for desertion since the Civil War,
wants his court-martial verdict reversed so she can collect on his
$10,000 life insurance policy, an attorney says.
''I don't think this fellow's widow should be in any worse postion
than those who deserted the Vietnam War,'' Bernard Edelson, a Media,
Pa., lawyer said Thursday. ''We're not suggesting that Pvt. Slovik was
a hero. What we're shooting for is some amnesty, pardon or some
forgiveness from his government.
''We want to know why we can't get this boy a pardon and get his
wife the money,'' he said.
Edelson was retained by Robert DeFinis and Army Maj. Edward Woods,
two Landsdale men given power of attorney by Slovik's widow last
month. Woods, who is not a lawyer, was assigned as Slovik's defense
counsel at the two-hour court martial hearing on Nov. 11, 1944.
The widow, Mrs. Antoinette Slovik, is living on welfare and ''not in
good health,'' Woods said.
The Army stripped Slovik of all benefits and sentenced him to die.
His plea for clemency to Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower went unanswered,
and a 12-man firing squad shot him on Jan. 31, 1945.
Edelson said he hopes to file a petition within three weeks.
''The question is the right, the moral right of his government to
execute him, probably not because of what he did, but to make him an
example,'' Edelson said.
Edelson said he believed that the Army, at a low point after the
Battle of the Bulge, needed an example to show deserters they could no
longer count on routine commutation of the death sentence and a safe
stay in a jail away from the combat zone.
''He just happened to be at the wrong place at the wrong time,'' he
said. ''I don't think they singled him out, but they had to make an
example of someone. They wanted the punishment to be used as an
example.''
DeFinis said he and Woods saw the widow for the first time two years
ago on a television talk show. Her appearance was prompted by a
television movie about Slovik's execution.
0519aES 11-12
**********
a044 0228 12 Nov 76
PM-Quotes, 130
Current Quotes
By The Associated Press
''You're a very convincing man, but what you are trying to convince
me of is that down is really up.'' - Sen. William Proxmire, D-Wis.,
on Federal Reserve Board Chairman Arthur Burns saying that lowering
the rate of money growth would not tighten the money supply.
---
''If a person comes there and says he doesn't want it and no reason
is presented to us for it, what can we do?'' - Utah Pardons Board
Chairman George Latimer, on why it may be difficult for the board to
commute the death sentence of condemned killer Gary Mark Gilmore.
---
''I don't think this fellow's widow should be in any worse postion
than those who deserted the Vietnam War.'' Bernard Edelson, who is
seeking a pardon for World War II Pvt. Edde Slovik, the only American
executed for desertion since the Civil War, so his widow can collect
a $10,000 government insurance policy.
0527aES 11-12
**********
a047 0252 12 Nov 76
PM-Rostow, 360
WASHINGTON (AP) - Former Undersecretary of State Eugene V. Rostow, a
leading Vietnam era figure, is heading a drive to convince
President-elect Jimmy Carter to increase defense spending to head off
what Rostow said was a Soviet military buildup that could lead to
war.
Rostow and the newly formed Committee on the Present Danger said at
a news conference Thursday that the United States was threatened by a
''Soviet drive for dominance based upon an unparallelled military
buildup. Sooner or later that kind of pressure induces a sense of
panic which could lead to war. We are trying to influence policy in
time to head off that slide toward war.''
Besides Rostow, a former Johnson Administration official, the
committee membership includes former Treasury Secretary John B.
Connally from the Nixon Administration; C. Douglas Dillon, who held
the same post under the late John F. Kennedy; David Packard, deputy
secretary of defense under Nixon; Paul H. Nitze, secretary of the Navy
under the late Lyndon B. Johnson and an adviser to Carter; Gordon
Gray, secretary of the Army under the late President Harry S. Truman,
and Dean Rusk, secretary of state under Kennedy and Johnson.
Packard proposed a 2 to 4 per cent increase for the Pentagon in real
spending, after inflation is taken into account. Nitze said the
amount should be higer. The committee did not recommend a spec
fic
increase.
The committee's statement said, ''for the United States to be free,
secure and influential, higher levels of spending are now required
for our ready land, sea and air forces, our strategic deterrent, and
above all, the continuing modernization of those forces through
research and development.''
Rostow, who said the committee had not contacted Carter, asserted
that its proposals contained ''nothing incompatible'' with Carter's
pledge to cut $5 billion to $7 billion in ''waste and fat'' from
defense spending.
The U.S. Labor Party handed out a statement at the news conference
which said that former Secretary of Defense James R. Schlesinger, who
was fired by President Ford, was a ''core organizer'' of the
committee and its choice to be the next defense chief.
Rostow denied that Schlesinger had done anything more than take an
active interest in formation of the committee.
0551aES 11-12
**********
n873 0457 12 Nov 76
By MILT FREUDENHEIM
(c) 1976, Chicago Daily News (Nov. 12)
PARIS - Europe has paid tribute to Alexander Calder, hailing the
American sculptor as ''magician'' and ''builder of planets.'' He
died in New York yesterday at age 78.
In London, BBC-TV reviewed Calder's famous metal mobiles and
giant outdoor works around the world. The Times ran his picture
on the front page.
In Paris, Le Figaro gave five columns across the top of Page
One to a photo of Calder and his work, with the headline ''Engineer,
magician, sculptor of genius.''
Calder's big steel ''stabile'' sculpture for the Federal Center
Plaza in Chicago was listed among his outstanding work in a front-page
article in the International Herald Tribune published in Paris.
In the same article, New York critic John Russell called Calder's
huge mechanized mural wall in the lobby of Chicago's Sears Tower
''perhaps the most impressive single work of his later career.''
Jean-Jacques Leveque, writing on the front page of the
Paris daily Le Quotidien, said Calder was ''one of the great
magicians of this century.... They will speak of 'a Calder' like they
say 'Picasso'.''
Calder lived half the year in France at Sache, near Tours in
the Loire Valley. He had been awarded France's Grand Prix National
de la Culture and was a commander of the French Legion of Honor.
His enormous steel sculptures painted black, red and yellow moved
like windmills on the hillside near his French studio overlooking
the quiet farm landscape. He also lived in Connecticut.
A severe critic of the Vietnam War, he donated a poster
design to the Communist newspaper L'Humanite's annual festival
in 1969, a practice of many non-Communist artists living in France.
But two years later he refused a request for a drawing, saying
that ''the American government wouldn't understand.''
Today the Communist paper mourned ''Sandy'' Calder calling him
''builder of planets.'' It published tributes by European painters
and sculptors to Calder as ''a son of the America of progress,''
''a magnificent person,'' and ''a part of our lives.''
Jacques Chambaz of the French Communist Politburo also issued
a statement hailing the sculptor as ''inseparable from the art
of our times.''
jj 11-12 (Endit Freudenheim)
**********
a090 0709 12 Nov 76
PM-U.S.-Vietnam, Bjt, 1st Ld, a026, 50
By PAUL TREUTHARDT
Associated Press Writer
PARIS (AP) - Talks opened today to improve relations between the
United States and Vietnam, but little or no progress was expected
before January and the inauguration of President-elect Jimmy Carter.
Officials of both countries met in a suburban Paris office formerly
used by the Viet Cong's Provisional Revolutionary government.
U.S. spokesmen, 2nd graf.
1008aES 11-12
**********
a201 0916 12 Nov 76
AM-News Digest,
AP NEWS DIGEST
Saturday AMs
Here are the top stories in sight for AMs at this hour. The General
Desk supervisor is G.G. LaBelle. He can be reached at 212 262-6093 if
you have an urgent question about the spot news report.
TRANSITION TO POWER
PLAINS, Ga. - Jack Watson and Hamilton Jordan, top aides to Jimmy
Carter, deny reports of competition between them as they meet with the
President-elect to discuss administration appointments. New material,
developing. Wirephoto PAX2.
With Ford separate. Wirephoto covering.
ST. JOHN, Virgin Islands - Vice President-elect Walter F. Mondale
says he will play a big advisory role in the transition of
administrations. New material, developing.
RESCUE AT SEA
ncisco - Storm-whip4ed seas hamper the rescue of shipwrecked
sailors clinging to floating timber from the cargo of the sunken
lumber ship Carnelian-1. At least nine of the 33 crew members have
been rescued. New material. Wirephoto Map NY18.
INTERNATIONAL
MADRID - Police clash with picketers and make widespread arrests
during a general strike by workers demanding more political freedom.
New material. Wirephoto MAD1.
TEL AVIV - Israel expresses deep disappointment over U.S. support
for the U.N. Security Council's criticism of Israeli policies in
occupied territories. New material. Wirephoto TLV1.
PARIS - Talks open to improve relations between the United States
and Vietnam; little progress is expected before the inauguration of
President-elect Jimmy Carter. New material. Wirephoto covering.
NATIONAL
PHILADELPHIA - Bertha Weiler's beautiful life has soured at age 86.
The Bellevue-Stratford Hotel, where she has lived for 30 years, is
closing because of the stigma of Legionnaires's Disease.
ORLANDO, Fla. - ''Parky'' Parkinson, 76, recalls the time he did a
man a favor by sending him to his death before a firing squa in Utah
State Prison. Will stand. Wirephoto DO1.
With separate on Gilmore.
CONSUMER SCORECARD
UNDATED - Catalogs are jamming mailboxes and piling up on coffee
tables as the holiday season approaches. But the mailorder business
has become much more than a Christmas bonus for many companies. The
first of two Consumer Scorecard stories on the growth in mail-order
business. By Louise Cook, will stand.
ABSTINENCE AND EXCESS
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa - Angry black students, mixing puritan
zeal with political militancy, have achieved something police and
preachers had not been able to do in years - shut down every bar in
the huge black Soweto township. New.
LONDON - No matter how hard times get, Britons can still give a
dyile a good flonking. (It all has to do with an old and venerable
drinking game.) New. Wirephoto NY26.
1215pES 11-12
**********
a204 0935 12 Nov 76
PM-U.S.-Vietnam, Bjt, 2nd Ld, a090-a026, 240
PARIS (AP) - The United States today raised the issue of its 800
servicemen still listed as missing in action in a two-hour meeting
with Vietnamese officials that opened talks on establishing friendlier
relations.
Little or no progress in the talks was expected before January and
the inauguration of President-elect Jimmy Carter.
A U.S. Embassy spokesman said ''issues of interest to both countries
were raised,'' with the problem of U.S. servicemen still officially
missing in action in Vietnam ''our primary concern.''
Samuel R. Gammon, deputy chief of mission of the U.S. Embassy, met
with his Vietnamese opposite number, Tran Hoan, in a two-story white
villa in suburban Neuilly, reportedly the home of Vietnamese
ambassador Vo Van Sung.
Officials in Washington had said each side would only read prepared
statements and that there would be no spontaneous discussion.
While the United States seeks an accounting of its missing men,
Hanoi is pushing for the United States to start post-war
reconstruction aid pledged in the 1973 Paris peace agreement. The Ford
administration backed off the pledge when the North Vietnamese
invaded and overran the South.
Gammon refused to say even ''no comment'' when reporters questioned
him as he left the meeting site which both sides had attempted to
keep secret but which newsmen found.
There was no immediate indication when and where the next round of
talks would be held.
No improvement, 3rd graf.
1234pES 11-12
**********
n031 1025 12 Nov 76
PM-DEFENSE 1stadd
WASHINGTON: industry.
The committee's statement of policy said the United States
faces a more subtle and indirect dange than earlier threats.
''As a result, awareness of danger has diminished'' in the
non-Communist world. A ''Soviet drive for dominance based
upon an unparalleled military buildup'' requires more U.S.
military spending.
''Time, weariness and the tragic experience of Vietnam have
weakened the bipartisan consensus which sustained our foreign
policy between 1940 and the mid-'60s,'' the statement said.
''We must build a fresh consensus to expand the opportunities
and diminish the dangers of a world in flux.''
Other leaders of the committee, who said they all acted
as private citizens rather than representatives of organizations,
include Lane Kirkland, secretary-treasurer of the AFL-CIO.
Among the members are two former ambassadors to the Soviet
Union, Jacob D. Beam and Foy D. Kohler, and a number of retired
military leaders.
(NOT FOR USE IN BOSTON HERALD, QUINCY, DETROIT AND SAN FRANCISCO)
1112 1324pes
**********
n037 1059 12 Nov 76
AM-ADDSKED
ADD NEW YORK TIMES NEWS SERVICE SCHEDULE NOV. 12:
NYPT
WASHINGTON
Budget (a.m. lead)-OMB releases budget estimate figures
for fiscal 1978; first look at budget since Congress dealt
with it and set spending limits-600. By Eileen Shanahan
Cabinet-A look at just where Ford cabinet members are hoping
to find work after the Carter folks arrive-600.
Shots-Government and outside experts convene here on immunization
problems-400. By Harold M. Schmeck Jr.
INTERNATIONAL
Madrid-Spain-Industrial workers stage stoppages or walk
off the job in nationwide protest against government austerity
measures-400.
By James M. Markham
Hitachi, Japan-MIG-With a fleet of Soviet vessels standing
offshore and more than 2,000 armed policemen standing guard
onshore, Japan today returned to the Soviet Union the MIG-25
jet fighter that was flown here Sept. 6 by a defecting Russian
airman-500. By Andrew H. Malcolm
Paris-Viet-U.S. and Vietnam begin talks aimed at eventual
establishment of relations-400. By Flora Lewis
Montreal-Quebec-Separatist party in Quebec, favored in Monday's
election, says it will seek talks with Ottawa on autonomy-1,000.
By Henry Giniger (moved)
1112 1358pes
**********
a220 1101 12 Nov 76
AM-U.S.-Vietnam,Bjt, 430
By DAVID ZIMMERMAN
Associated Press Writer
PARIS (AP) - American and Vietnamese diplomats opened talks Friday
on the question of 800 Americans missing in action and other issues in
an attempt to find a basis for normalizing relations.
Neither the American representative, Samuel R. Gammon, the No. 2 man
at the U.S. Embassy, nor his Vietnamese counterpart, Tran Hoan, would
say anything to reporters after the two-hour meeting. It was held in
a two-story white building in suburban Neuilly that once housed a
Viet Cong office and is now said to be the Vietnamese ambassador's
residence.
But the American Embassy said that ''issues of interest to both
countries were raised,'' with the problem of getting information on
the missing U.S. servicemen ''our primary concern.''
The main concern of the Vietnamese is postwar reconstruction aid,
pledged by the United States in the 1973 Paris accords. The Ford
administration backed off from the pledge when the North Vietnamese
overran the South 18 months ago.
Officials in Washington said when the Paris talks were announced a
week ago that both sides would speak from prepared position papers,
with no spontaneous discussion, and that concrete progress was not
expected until President-elect Jimmy Carter takes office in January.
The United States is also opposed to Vietnamese membership in the
United Nations until the Vietnamese come u8 with what Washington
considers a satisfactory accounting of the 800 MIAs. Barring any
sensational developments in Paris, a U.S. veto in the Security Council
is likely when the issue comes to a vote next week.
The Vietnamese inherited about $5 billion worth of U.S. arms and
equipment following the fall of Saigon in April 1975. But despite the
military windfall Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger reportedly
thinks the Vietnamese view establishment of friendly ties with
Washington as crucial to their independence.
''They need a third country to balance the Soviets and China,''
Kissinger was quoted as telling the House Select Committee on Missing
Persons in Southeast Asia in closed hearings 10 months ago.
''Vietnam doesn't want either China or Russia to be too
influential.'' Kissinger reportedly said. ''It hopes they will
continue to oppose each other and that neither will win. They are
banking on the U.S. to be opposed to both . . . They need
normalization more than we do. They have to come to us.
But he was quoted as adding, ''If it weren't for the MIAs, they
would be driven toward us. The more anxious we are, the tougher they
get.''
The quotes were in an analysis of U.S.-Vietnamese postwar relations
written by Gareth Porter, an opponent of U.S. policies in Southeast
Asia who once served as a staff consultant to the House committee.
1400pES 11-12
**********
a221 1103 12 Nov 76
PM-U.S.-Vietnam, 2nd Ld, insert, a204, 100
PARIS, updating, insert after 5th graf: Officials...discussion.
State Department spokesman Robert Funseth said the talks produced no
change in theU.S. policy caling for a veto of Vietnam's application
for membership in the United Nations.
He described the two-hour meeting as a ''substantive discussion''
conducted in a 'correct'' atmosphere.
Asked whether the reaffirmation of the U.S. veto policy meant there
was no progress on the MIA issue, Funseth said, ''That's a fair
statement.''
Funseth said Gammon emphasized the need to resolve the question of
American MIAs before there could be any improvement in relations
between the two countries. Funseth said he could not characterize the
Vietnamese reaction to Gammon's statement.
While the United States: 6th graf
1403pES 11-12
**********
a227 1136 12 Nov 76
AM-U.S.-Vietnam, Bjt, Sub a220,
PARIS to update the following may be subbed for 6th graf: in January.
Following Friday's opening session State Department spokesman Robert
Funseth said they produced no change in the U.S. policy calling for a
veto of Vietnam's application for membership in the United Nations.
He described the two-hour meeting as a ''substantive discussion''
conducted in a ''correct'' atmosphere. Asked if the reaffirmation of
the U.S. veto policy meant there was no progress on the MIA issue,
Funseth said, ''That's a fair statement.''
Funseth said Gammon emphasized the need to resolve the question of
American MIAs before there could be any improvement in relations
between the two countries. Funseth said he could not characterize the
Vietnamese reaction to Gammon's statement.
The Vietnamese, 7th graf.
1435pES 11-12
**********
n058 1329 12 Nov 76
AM-VIET 600
By FLORA LEWIS
c. 1976 N.Y. Times News Service
PARIS - U.S. and Vietnamese diplomats met here Friday in
the first formal talks since the fall of Saigon last year.
Although the goal of the new series of talks has been said
to be normalization of relations, Friday's contacts were
considered preliminary to test whether conditions are favorble
for full-scale Washington-Hanoi negotiations on the aftermath
of the war and postwar issues.
On the American side, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger
issued firm instructions that all comment on the meeting,
beyond a bare announcement that it took place, must come
from Washington.
Even the U.S. Embassy statement that ''issues of interest
to both countries were raised with the missing-in-action
issue our primary concern'' and referring further questions
to the State Department, was drafted in Washington.
The reason for renewal of the intense secrecy which surrounded
the negotiations Kissinger held leading up to the 1973 Paris
peace accords was not explained. The talks were deliberately
held at the level of second-highest ranking embassy officials
in Paris, it was understood, in order to make clear their
tentative, probing status.
U.S. officials made no effort to contact a higher level
delegation of Vietnam's deputy foreign minister and former
ambassador in paris who visited here last week, it was learned.
Nor, diplomatic sources said, did the Vietnamese use that
visit to pass any messages to the Americans through the French,
as they had done on other occasions.
Friday's session, which lasted two hours, was expected to
consist only of an exchange of prepared statements by each
side, although there was no confirmation of this afterward.
However, the U.S. Embassy statement said ''We can confirm
that today our deputy chief of mission met with the counselor
of the embassy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.''
That is the new name for the whole country adopted in Hanoi
after the formal unification of the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam (north) and the Republic of Vietnam (South) earlier
this year. U.S. use of this official name for Vietnam as
a whole implied recognition of the change and of Hanoi's
right to speak for the nation.
The talks were held at the house in suburban Neuilly that
had served as the embassy of the Provisional Revolutionary
Government of South Vietnam, Hanoi's Vietcong negotiating
partner during the four-year Paris conference with the u.s.
and the now defunct Saigon government. The house is now an
annex of the Hanoi embassy here.
The initial positions of each side as they resumed wn. The U.S. has maintai-
ned that it
must have a full account of the fate of some 800 Amerian
servicemen listed as missing in action before any other issues
can be discussed.
The Vietnamese say they are willing to do their best to
fulfill this obligation under the 1973 accords, but only
on condition that the U.S. fulfills its pledge of postwar
reconstruction aid at the same time.
No substantitve moves are considered likely before the new
U.S. administration takes office, although Hanoi has released
a few names in the past from time to time as a gesture of
interest in negotiating and may do so again before president-elect
Carter's inauguration. So far as was known, no date was set
Friday for the next Paris meeting.
The U.S. representative was Samuel Rhea Gammon, a 52-year-old
career diplomat from Texas. Gammon had served in a number
of European embassies and was in the State Department from
1970 until he came to Paris in September 1975.
The Vietnamese delegation was headed by Tran Hoan, in charge
of political affairs in his embassy and a veteran of the
previous U.S.-Vietnamese negotiations.
1112 1620pes
**********
a254 1423 12 Nov 76
AM-U.S.-Vietnam, 1st (AP) - U.S. and Vietnamese diplomats opened talks Friday -
on
the question of 800 Americans still missing in action from the war in
Vietnam and Vietnamese demands for reconstruction aid.
The negotiations also seek to find a basis for normalizing relations
between the two countries, but no concrete progress is expected
before President-elect Jimmy Carter takes office in January.
Neither the American representative, Samuel R. Gammon, nor his
Vietnamese counterpart, Tran Hoan, spoke to reporters after their
two-hour meeting. They are the No. 2 men at their embassies here and
met in a building in suburban Neuilly that is believed to be the
residence of the Vietnamese ambassador.
Statements were issued later by the U.S. Embassy, the State
Department in Washington and the Vietnamese Embassy.
State Department spokesman Robert Funseth said the initial meeting
was a ''substantive discussion'' in a correct atmosphere but it
produced no change in America's decision to veto Vietnam's application
for membership in the United Nations.
He was asked it the reaffirmation of the expected veto meant there
had been no progress on the question of the Americans missing in
action (MIA) and replied, ''That's a fair statement.''
Vietnam's application for U.N. membership is scheduled to come to a
vote next week in the U.N. Security Council where America, as one of
the five permanent members, has the veto power.
The U.S. Embassy statement saidissues of interest to both countries
were raised at the meeting, with the question of MIAs ''our primary
concern.''
The Vietnamese declaration said Vietnam is ''disposed to an exchange
of views on the problems which preoccupy the American side and to
completely fulfill its obligations'' concerning the MIAs.
It said Vietnam approached the discussions ''with a view to
normalizing relations'' between the two countries and repeated Hanoi's
contention that ''the American side is morally obliged also to assume
its obligations'' to contribute to Vietnam's post-war reconstruction.
Hanoi claims that U.S. aid was promised in the 1973 Paris pact that
led to the withdrawal of U.S. forces from Vietnam. America has
charged that Hanoi violated the agreement when a North Vietnamese
offensive overwhelemed South Vietnamese troops in the spring of 1975.
U.S. reconstruction assistance ''is not only a question of law, but
equally a question of honor, of responsibility and of conscience,''
the Vietnamese statement said, with success of the talks depending
''entirely on the american side.''
The Vietnamese inherited: 9th graf, including insert a227
1721pES 11-12
**********
n917 2348 12 Nov 76
By JAMES KLOSS
(c) 1976 Chicago Daily News (Nov. 13)
CHICAGO - Gen. William C. Westmoreland, former commander
of U.S. forces in Vietnam, said he thinks President-elect
Jimmy Carter will re-consider his promise to pardon
draft evaders.
Westmoreland told reporters in Chicago that once Carter
assumes office and ''the mantle of responsibility'' he
may realize the implications of a general pardon.
''I believe he will conclude that the implications will
be very serious to the military posture and moral fiber
of this country,'' the retired general said.
Westmoreland, who was in town for a speech to the
Executives' Club of Chicago, said a pardon would give
future generations of young men the idea that they had
''a license'' to defy the law and refuse to serve in a military
emergency.
Carter has promised to pardon those who fled the draft,
but has indicated deserters would be considered on a
case-by-case basis.
Westmoreland also told reporters it would be ''absolutely
ludicrous'' to consider the Communist Vietnamese
government's demands for $3.25 billion in war damages.
United States and Vietnamese representatives met in
Paris Friday for a preliminary talk on that issue and
the U.S. demand for a complete list of its men missing
in action.
Westmoreland said that any aid that had been promised to
North Vietnam was ''null and void'' by that nation's
violation of the Paris Peace accord through a ''massive
invasion'' of and takeover of South Vietnam.
In his speech, the general said the United States
committed ''a shameful national blunder'' and betrayed an
ally by letting South Vietnam fall.
''The Vietnam episode is a travesty of the way America
should function,'' he said. ''Our elected officials at the
national level and their advisers share the blame for the
disaster.
''But politicians are a mere reflection of the American
people and their institutions,'' he added.
He also said that military leaders deserve a stronger voice
in policy making when there is a threat of war, and should
be given ''priority'' during a war.
''The military should not acquiese to unsound military
decisions,'' he declared.
rr (endit Kloss) 11-13
cd
...
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a055 0441 13 Nov 76
PM-Vietnam, 290
PARIS (AP) - The United States has said it will continue to block
Vietnam's admission to the United Nations despite a two-hour meeting
on the possibility of normalizing relations between the two nations.
The key issues were left unresolved by Friday's talks. The U.S.
Embassy here said ''our primary concern'' was a full accounting of the
800 servicemen still listed as missing in action during the Vietnam
war. The Vietnamese say they want the United States to make good on
pledges of reconstruction aid.
No significant progress on settling the issues was expected before
U.S. President-elect Jimmy Carter takes over in January.
Samuel R. Gammon, the No. 2 man in the U.S. Embassy in Paris, met
with his Vietnamese counterpart, Tran Hoan, in a suburban Neuilly
building that once housed a Viet Cong office. Neither representative
spoke with reporters afterwards but both governments issued
statements.
Robert Funseth, a spokesman for the U.S. State Department in
Washington, described the meeting as a ''substantive discussion'' held
in a ''correct'' atmosphere but indicated there was no progress on
the MIA issue. He said the meeting produced no change in U.S. policy
that would call for a veto of Vietnam's application for U.N.
membership - expected to come up at the Security Council next week.
The Vietnamese said they approached the discussions ''with a view to
normalizing relations'' and ''disposed to an exchange of views on the
problems which preoccupy the American side and to completely fulfill
its obligations.''
But the Communists claimed that America was ''morally obliged'' to
provide U.S. aid promised under the 1973 Paris peace pact that led to
withdrawal of U.S. forces from the Southeast Asian nation.
The Ford administration canceled its part of the agreement 18 months
ago when the Communists overran the South.
0738aED 11-13
**********
n945 0500 13 Nov 76
Editors:
Following is the sixth in a series of articles on Cuba
today. The series is written by Roberto Suro, Chicago
Sun-Times reporter who has traveled extensively in Latin
America and recently spent a month in Cuba.
By ROBERTO SURO
(c) 1976 Chicago Sun-Times (Nov. 13)
HAVANA - For the first time since Che Guevara died in the
Boliviain Andes nine years ago, Cubans are roaming the
world again. Some in the United States call it ''export of
revolution.'' The Cubans call it ''solidarity with the
oppressed.''
Regardless of the name, consider these facts:
-At least 10,000 troops and civilian technicians are
fighting guerrillas, building roads and laying out farm
co-operatives in Angola.
-Hundreds of construction workers are building schools in
Tanzania and Jamaica while Cuban doctors tend the sick in
more than a dozen countries from Peru to Vietnam.
-Cubans are becoming increasingly potent leaders in forums
like the United Nations and the Movement of Nonaligned
Nations.
The traveling Cubans burst onto the international scene in a
big way last winter when at least 15,000 troops led the
Soviet-backed Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola
to victory over two rival factions.
Quick battlefield success boosted an enthusiasm for
''internationalist missions'' that is evident in public
attitudes and official policy.
Numerous men complained to this reporter that they waited
in long lines to volunteer for duty in Angola but were refused
because quotas were filled, and several university students
said they wanted to practice their professions abroad as soon
as they graduated.
Cubans march overseas confident that through technical and
economic aid they can convince the world's poor countries
that their socialist revolution and their alliance with the
U.S.S.R. has brought them out of poverty and can be the route
out of underdevelopment for other nations.
Cuba officials emphasized this approach to foreign
relations over a military one. They indicated Angola was
considered a one-time affair.
The Cuban troops, they said, were dispatched only after
another foreign power, South Africa, had sent 2,000 troops
into Angola, and they added that Cuba became involved
at the request of the MPIA, a legal government in their eyes.
Deputy Prime Minister Carlos Rafael Rodriguez said, ''It is
inconceivable that the same conditions will exist again.''
Prime Minister Fidel Castro has said that the thought of
Cuban armed intervention in this hemisphere is ''absurd
and ridiculous.'' Yet, he has repeatedly refused to rule
out further fighting by Cuban troops in Africa.
In a recent interview the The Chicago Sun-Times, Castro
predicted U.S. Sec., of State Henry A. Kissinger's plan to
peacefully bring black majority rule to Rhodesia would
fail because the terms benefited the white government.
Although recognition of the need for majority rule was, he said,
''a revolutionary victory,'' Castro added:
''This victory was not achieved by peaceful means but
through armed struggle, so why should the guerrilla
movements disarm now?''
Since then, black Rhodesian leaders have rejected the
Kissinger plan and, almost echoing Castro, they threatened
that attacks by Soviet-equipped guerrillas against white
Rhodesians ''shall continue and gain momentum.''
Castro, however, backed off from involving himself in the
Rhodesian problem, saying, ''The Africans must speak for
themselves.''
A well placed source in the U.S. government said the
Cubans were not likely to repeat the Angola experience for
practical reasons. ''They are learning the lesson of
Vietnam: Once you start these things they become very
expensive quagmires,'' the source said.
Cuba and the U.S.S.R. have formally offered Angola
significant military and technical assistance and the Soviets
have also given long-term loans, thus assuring a costly
presence by both countries in Angola for many years.
Angola has clearly always been a joint Cuban and Soviet
operation. Officials in Havana readily admitted their military
success would have been impossible without tons of Soviet
equipment and supplies.
However, from Castro on down, Cubans insisted that the
decision to send troops was made in Havana, not in Moscow.
A senior Western diplomat in Havana offered this assessment,
''You don't have to know Castro very well to realize no one is
going to tell him where to send his troops. Besides, there was
no conflict of interest between the Cubans and the Soviets in
Angola. In fact, there was a perfect confluence of interests.''
Both Cuba and the U.S.S.R. shared a desire to block U.S.
hopes of setting up a friendly regime, the diplomat said, and
both had an interest in establishing a socialist power in a
big, rich, strategically located African country.
Castro stated his peaceful intentions toward Latin America
unequivocally in a major address this April: ''No country of
Latin America, whatever its social system may be, has
anything to fear from the armed forces of Cuba . . . Only the
people of each country must and will make their own
revolution.''
rr (More) 11-13
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a069 0647 13 Nov 76
PM-Vietnam Railroad, 110
BANGKOK, Thailand (AP) - Reconstruction of the 1,055-mile railroad
linking Hanoi and Saigon will be completed by the end of this year,
Hanoi's Vietnam News Agency said today.
A report monitored in Bangkok said the last sections between Quang
Ngai and Da Nang and between Dong Hoi and Huong Pho are rapidly moving
toward completion.
The railway was constructed by the French during the colonial period
but fell into ruin during the Indochina conflict.
Observers have speculated that the Hanoi government will time the
reopening of the railroad to coincide with the upcoming fourth
congress of the Vietnamese Communist party, scheduled for
mid-December.
0947aED 11-13
**********
n050 1315 13 Nov 76
BC-KOREA 3takes 1250
(EXCLUSIVE 6:30 P.M. EST EMBARGO)
By RICHARD HALLORAN
c.1976 N.Y. Times News Service
WASHINGTON - A former State Department official in charge
of Korean affairs has asserted that senior officials of the
Nixon administration did little to curb an improper South
Korean lobby here because they did not want to jeopardize
the Korean commitment of 52,000 troops to the war in Vietnam.
Donald K. Ranard, director of the Office of Korean Affairs
from 1970 through 1974, said in an interview that senior
administration officials were preoccupied with the Vietnam
war in the early 1970s, when the Korean lobby started, and
did not want to embarrass an ally. Ranard, who was in a position
to know most of what went on inside the government on Korean
issues, said he could recall no specific policy guidance
on this question but he added:
''There was always a feeling below the surface that the
Korea lobby was to be left alone. We were in a position where
we thought we needed them in Vietnam. We sure weren't going
to be rapping their knuckles in Washington when we needed
their help elsewhere.''
Ranard recalled that American officials had to persuade
the South Koreans to release American-built F5 jet fighters
to the South Vietnamese. In another instance, he said, President
Nixon wrote a personal letter to President Park Chung Hee
asking him to keep Korean forces in Vietnam longer than planned.
Now the director of the Center for International Policy,
an organization here concerned with the study of human rights
and foreign policy, Ranard said that he had repeatedly brought
the Korean lobby to the attention of his superiors. He said
there had been no deliberate attempt at a coverup; it was
simply that nothing was ever done about the lobby.
Ranard said that William P. Rogers, then secretary of state;
Henry A. Kissinger, then presidential assistant for national
security affairs and currently secretary of state, and William
B. Saxbe, attorney general in the latter days of the Nixon
administration, had been informed on the Korean operation.
The former secretary of defense, Melvin R. Laird, said last
week that he had been aware of an improper Korean lobby and
had warned the State Department about it. He also said he
had warned the South Koreans that it was harmful.
A memorandum written by U. Alexis Johnson, under secretary
of state for political affairs, the top career position in
the department, shows that he knew about the Korean operation
in 1971. Laird also said that William J. Porter, ambassador
to Korea from 1967 to 1971 and under secretary from 1973
to 1974, and Philip C. Habib, ambassador to Korea from 1971
to 1974 and currently the under secretary, had been well
informed on the Korean lobby.
(MORE)
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n057 1354 13 Nov 76
BC-KOREA Insert1stgraf-Pickup2ndgraf a051 80
WASHINGTON: for comment.
Robert L. Funseth, a State Department spokesman, said that
any charge that State Department officials had failed to
curb improper acts by South Koreans in an effort to preserve
the Korean troop commitment in Vietnam was ''absolutely false.''
''As we have stated in the past,'' he said, ''when there
was an indication of any illegal activity it was brought
to the attention of the Justice Department for further investigation.''
Pick up 2nd graf: Senior State Department, etc.
1113 1653pes
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a262 1517 13 Nov 76
AM-Briefs, 440
TACOMA, Wash. (AP) - The Tacoma News Tribune received a handscrawled
letter and a $5 bill.
''Dear Sir, find enclosed five dollars that I spent when I was a
delivery boy in 1913. I am Christian and it came to me the other
day,'' the letter said.
The letter, received Friday, was signed, ''No name.''
The money was forwarded to the newspaper's circulation department.
---
DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) - A district court judge has ordered the state
to pay its $300 Vietnam War bonus to a conscientious objector, but
the state may appeal that ruling.
Johnson County District Court Judge William Eads last week ruled
that H. Patrick Semple of Coralville is entitled to the state bonus
for Vietnam veterans even though he was discharged from the Air Force
in 1971 as a conscientious objector.
Asst. Atty. Gen. Stephen Robinson said Friday he will recommend that
the state Bonus Board appeal the judge's order.
Thirty-one other conscientious objectors have filed for the bonus.
State law says that no bonus may be paid to persons who ''refused on
conscientious, political, religious grounds to submit themselves to
military discipline.''
---
INDIANOLA, Iowa (AP) - Sheriff William Mathews says he has delayed
arresting some criminal suspects. His jail is too full.
''You would have to see for yourself what I'm talking about,'' he
said in describing the Warren County jail built to hold 16 prisoners.
The jail consists of a ''bullpen'' community cell 15 feet square, a
small security cell and two two-bunk cells for juveniles and women.
There are nine men in the bullpen now, Mathews said. ''We've had as
many as 19 of them sleeping on the floor,'' he added.
''When this jail was built in 1938, it was like having a nce new
1938 automobile, but you don't see many people driving 1938
automobiles now,'' he said.
---
LIBERTY, Ind. (AP) - The brides were 65 and 76, their grooms 69 and
83. ''We were pretty lonely people,'' they explained after a double
wedding ceremony at the senior citizens center here.
Mrs. Homer Dees, 65, a widow since her husband of 48 years died in
1974, married Glen Welsh, 69, a bachelor who lived with his mother
until a few years ago when she died at age 90.
Mary Horn, 76, who had been married 46 years when her husband died
in 1960, wed Raymond Clevenger, 83, who had been married almost 60
years when his wife died last year.
The couples, married Friday, were enjoying weekend honeymoons in
their homes in this east central Indiana community.
The new Mrs. Clevenger says the marriages were unusual in only two
respects: neither couple felt the need for pre-marital counseling and
neither exchanged rings.
1817pED 11-13
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n074 1521 13 Nov 76
AM-VIET 2takes 650
By FLORA LEWIS
c. 1976 N.Y. Times News Service
PARIS - Although the State Department said that during the
talks with Vietnam here Friday there was no progress on the
issue of Americans missing in action, French diplomatic sources
took the communique issued late Friday night by the Vietnamese
delegation as an encouraging sign that serious negotiations
can begin once there is a new administration in Washington.
The Vietnamese statement said that Hanoi was ''disposed
toward an exchange of views on the problems which preoccupy
the American side and to meet fully its obligations under
Article 8B of the Paris-Vietnam accords.'' Article 8B requires
a complete accounting of the fate of all missing American
servicemen and every possible effort to locate and repatriate
the remains of those who died.
The United States has demanded a full report on the missing
as a precondition for the much broader talks on ''normalization
of relations in the mutual interest of both parties'' that
the Vietnamese say they want.
This condition somewhat puzzles the Vietnamese negotiators,
according to neutral sources, since it arbitrarily provides
them with bargaining cards they would not otherwise hold.
They are presumably aware that the United States has the
ability to remove the issue when it chooses.
This is because it is generally believed by American officials
that all living American prisoners have been returned and
that those listed as missing are almost certainly dead.
A reliable source said that the Department of Defense has
been considering an announcement that the 800 listed as missing
must be presumed dead. Such a move was being prepared by
the Pentagon and would probably have been taken late this
year had President Ford been re-elected. Now the decision
is expected to be left to President-elect Carter.
It would have important political as well as economic implications
in the United States. So long as the servicemen are listed
as missing, their families receive their full pay with combat
bonuses and all benefits. When they are pronounced dead,
there is a lump-sum settlement and pension rights go into
effect.
(MORE)
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n075 1527 13 Nov 76
AM-VIET 1stadd
PARIS: effect.
A declaration changing the status of the list would remove
the major obstacle on the American side to proceeding with
substantive negotiations.
The United States hinted that it was interested in moving
on to broader political and economic issues when it referred
in its bland announcement Friday to talks with the ''Socialist
Republic of Vietnam.''
That is the new name that Hanoi has chosen for the unified
country. The American use of the name indicated that Washington
does not intend to haggle over the question of recognition
or to recall the clauses in the 1973 accords on South Vietnam
and the role of the now-defunct Saigon government.
When Deputy Foreign Minister Nguyen Co Thach of Vietnam
was visiting Paris last month, shortly before the American
elections, he expressed the hope that a new United States
administration ''will be more far-sighted than its predecessor.''
The conciliatory tone of the Vietnamese communique after
Friday's talks seemed to reflect both this expectation and
a realization that the United States can at any time withdraw
the issue of the missing servicemen.
Instead of demanding as in the past that the United States
fulfill Article 21 of the Paris agreements pledging American
aid for reconstruction throughout Indochina simultaneously
with a Vietnamese accounting of the missing, the statement
simply said that aid was an American ''obligation.''
''This is not only a question of right, but also a question
of honor, of responsibility and of conscience,'' the communique
said, a much softer phrasing than in some past Hanoi declarations
linking aid with war reparations and an acknowledgement of
aggressive guilt.
Hanoi called for ''carrying out what had been agreed in
the mixed economic commission in Paris in 1973.'' In those
negotiations, which continued here for several months after
the formal agreements, the United States offered postwar
aid but firmly refused to consider it as anything but a gesture
of good will for the future.
The details of how far the mixed economic commission got
werer
American prisoners were returned and fighting continued in
the South. When North Vietnamese forces began the offensive
that led to collapse of the South Vietnamese government last
year, the United States said that this was a violation of
the Paris pact, canceling American obligations under the
accord.
But Hanoi's reference to the economic commission's negotiations
now appeared to scale down the sweeping reconstruction demands
it had been making and to open the way for an initial compromise
on terms the United States had been prepared to accept.
The American delegates left Paris after Friday's meeting
and were understood to have flown to Washington. No date
was set for the next meeting so far as could be learned.
1113 1826pes
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n079 1608 13 Nov 76
AM-NE International
WASHINGTON - Improper South Korean lobbying in Washington
was not significantly acted on by senior Nixon administration
officials because they did not want to jeopardize Seoul's
commitment of 52,000 troops to the Vietnam war, according
to a former State Department official in charge of Korean
affairs. He said in an interview that the Nixon officials
did not want to embarrass an ally.
SEOUL - The third-ranking official of the Korean Central
Intelligence Agency who was reportedly responsible for coordinating
activities of Korean operatives in Wasark Tong Sun, a businessman, and Pak Bo H-
i, a major
official in the Rev. Sun Myong Moon's church.
PARIS - Optimism over the prospect of future American-Vietnamese
negotiations was expressed by French diplomatic sources,
despite an American statement that no progress was made at
a Paris meeting Friday. The French cited a Vietnamese communique
saying that Hanoi was willing to meet its obligations to
account fully on the fate of all missing American servicemen
and make every possible effort to find and return the bodies
of those killed.
GENEVA - A confrontation was averted at the Geneva conference
on Rhodesia by postponement for 48 hours of the first scheduled
formal meeting in eight days. The delay was announced barely
one hour before the slated meeting by Ivor Richard, British
chairman of the conference, to avoid a clash with nationalist
leaders over the date for transfer of rule to Rhodesia's
black majority.
National
WASHINGTON - Revising the federal campaign law and liberalizing
its fund restrictions is a goal of many congressional activists.
One group seeks to widen the subsidy concept, linked to spending
limits, to cover all congressional candidates by 1978. There
is little or no desire to alter the basic reforms of the
new law.
WASHINGTON - The Defense Department is trying to work out
an arrangement to relieve Jimmy Carter of the need to make
a major decision on the future of the B1 bomber program soon
after he becomes president. Pentagon officials said the plan
would allow production to proceed but in a way that would
not ''box in'' Carter.
(MORE)
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n664 0519 05 Jan 77
BY KEYES BEECH
(c) 1977 Chicago Daily News (Jan. 5)
HONG KONG - If 1976 was a bad year for South Vietnam, which
it was, 1977 promises to be a lot worse.
Hanoi, it is now clear, is ready to tighten the screws on its
''decadent, pleasure-loving, bourgeois, neo-colonialist''
brothers and sisters in the south.
This is evident from a study of results of the Vietnam
Communist Party's National Congress, the first since
1960, in Hanoi last month.
One probable measure is the forced migration of surplus
labor from south to north. Le Duan, the party's 68-year-old
boss, or first among equals, said such a mass movement might be
necessary during a marathon six-hour speech.
Although Vietnam became one country when North Vietnamese tanks
rolled into Saigon in 1975, national unity is quite another
matter, the two Vietnams remain sharply divided by ancient regional
animosities and decades under radically opposite
political systems.
Educated Vietnamese refugees inevitably compare South Vietnam's
situation with the American south during post-Civil War days.
North Vietnamese troops are looked upon as an army of occupation,
not libejation, and government officials from the north who
staff the bureaucracy are considered ''carpet-baggers.''
Communist leaders in the north have confirmed refugee accounts
of corruption within party ranks in the south.
Hearlding a purge, Le Duan said: ''We must resolutely
and promptly expel . . . degenerate and corrupt elements, those
who have lost their revolutionary combativeness, who
infiltrate the party for their selfish interests, used their
positions and power to intimidate the masses'' or
steal government property.
One of the more common complaints of refugees who bought their way
out of the country was that even after they paid off, Communist
officials did not deliver the goods.
Western analysts reported that one of the more ominous
signs of an impending crackdown was the systematic
expulsion of all foreigners, including thousands of Chinese.
''For all practical purposes, South Vietnam is being
treated like a conquered country, which indeed it is,''
observed one analyst.
The spoils of war left behind by the Americans, including
computers, heavy machinery, electrical equipment and ordinary
consumer goods - have been packed, crated and shipped to the north.
South Vietnamese Communists, or Viet Cong, have failed
to soften the impact of the northern occupation. After
nearly three decades of war, few southern cadres survived to
take over when the old regime collapsed.
Even if they had, it is doubtful if the conquering northerners
would have used them. Nearly all key government officials and
factory managers are northerners.
Nothing is heard these days of the National Liberation Front,
the political arm of the Viet Cong, which was founded in
Hanoi in 1961. And if a formal kiss of death to the southern
Communist movement was required, it was administered last month
when the Communist Party named its expanded 14-man poliburo.
Although the south accounts for nearly half the country's population.
Only three southerners were on the list.
hb (Endit Beech) 1-5
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n066 1409 05 Jan 77
qiqqseqsfl
BC-EXILES Adv00 3takes 1,500
(HOLD FOR RELEASE)
Art en route to picture clients)
By DAVID A. ANDELMAN
c.1977 N.Y. Times News Service
SONGKHLA, Thailand - One day late this month, the captains
of four small Vietnamese fishing boats plan to set out from
this southern Thai port with 80 to 100 refugees aboard for
a 3,000-mile voyage across the South China Sea to Australia.
These refugees from Vietnam are hazarding the trip in wooden
boats 30 feet long because, they said recently, they have
virtually given up hope of making their way by any other
means from the crowded Vietnamese refugee camp here to a
new life in a Western country. There are now 811 Vietnamese
at the Songkhla camp.
They, and many of the international relief officials who
have dealt with the refugee problem for the last two years,
believe that such attempts will become increasingly frequent
in the coming months. The three Communist countries of Indochina
- Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos - seem on the verge of closing
off the escape routes, and the countries that have been accepting
them are increasingly reluctant to continue doing so.
More and more, the refugees from Vietnam who arrive in Songkhla
and the other principal center at Laem Sing are virtually
illiterate - farmers or fishermen with little schooling,
no real trade and no command of any language but Vietnamese.
Those who land at other points in the area - in Malaysia,
Singapore or Indonesia are generally given some food and
fuel and sent on their way again with the suggestion that
they head for Thailand, the only country in the region willing,
for the present, to accept them.
But no refugee considers Thailand as a final destination.
And the Thais, who see these refugees as a continuing source
of friction with neighboring Indochina, are becoming increasingly
reluctant hosts.
Western refugee programs, too, are drying up. The United
States officially ended its program last June, although relatives
of refugees now in the United States are still being accepted
as immigrants if they show up in refugee camps here.
Australia is willing to accept a few hundred if they have
marketable skills and, more important, if they speak English.
France is willing to accept a few who speak French.
So the refugees, in desperation, have set up a small school
in the camp - a tin-roofed, open-wall shack with a few rows
of benches. Each morning, one of their number who speaks
the language serves as a tutor with no books, only a small
pad of notepaper for each pupil.
Vietnam appears to be doing the most to halt the flow of
refugees, but many recent arrivals from Cambodia have reported
having to elude stepped-up border patrols and make their
way through extensive minefields now linging the frontier
regions.
(MORE)
0105 1704ped
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n089 1612 05 Jan 77
BC-ADVISORY PAGEONE
FYI: The New York Times plans the following first edition
front page for Thursday, Jan. 6.
TOPS:
Albany, N.Y. - Times - Gov. Carey asks legislatre for $200
million tax cut and $750 million bond issue for jobs.
Washn - Hershey - Sea-Land Service Inc. agrees to $4 million
penalty for making rebates to customers.
(3 col pix of Humphrey-Senate story)
New York - Times - Mayor Beame proposes real tax estate
hike to close budget deficit.
FOLDS:
(2 col pix with Carey)
Hartford - Times - Gov. Grasso calls for reorganization
of state government.
New York - Lewis - Many economist see pause ending and stronger
than expected growth rate.
BOTTOM:
New York - Hersh - Grand Jury reports IRS agents did not
violate civil rights of taxpayers during Operation Leprachaun.
Songkhla - Andelman - Refugees prepare for 3,000-mile trip
to Australia. (Moved hold-for-orders a066,67,68 and released)
Washn - Reinhold - In surprise move Simon cancels new rule
to eliminate major tax shelter for builders.
0105 1909ped
- - - - - -
n090 1613 05 Jan 77
BC-REThe following material is RELEASED: Songkhla-EXILES,
by David A. Andelman. Moved Jan. 5 as a066,67,68.
FYI: This story is scheduled for page one of The New York
Times.
0105 1910ped
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n067 1430 05 Jan 77
qiqqseqsfl
BC-EXILES Adv00 1tadd
(HOLD FOR RELEASE)
SONGKHLA, Thailand: regions.
A Cambodian soldier is now reportedly assigned to each fishing
boat that puts out from the country's southern ports, virtually
cutting off that escape route. But at least 100 persons a
week still find their way across the borders, some now carrying
crude maps of the minefields.
Laos has has reportedly halted the release of detainees
from re-education centers or begun to ship those finished
with the programs to resettlement in remote jungle areas
deep in the interior. The aim seems to be to stop their steady
flow across the Mekong River into exile in Thailand.
Recent Vietnamese arrivals at the Songkhla camp, where most
of the small boats that leave Vietnam wind up, said that
officials there, in an attempt to block further defections,
have begun raising taxes on private fishing vessels to the
point where their owners are unable to pay, then seizing
the boats and manning them with government officials and
troops. The drain of the boats is a major worry for the Vietnamese
government, which has set increased fish production as a
major economic priority.
According to the refugees, Vietnamese officials have also
been establishing a network of agents, provocateurs to entice
would-be refugees into revealing their contacts and routes
of escape. Hundreds have reportedly been jailed in recent
weeks, particularly in the central coastal area, around Vung
Tau near Saigon and in the Mekong Delta.
Vietnam has also reportedly multiplied its armed patrols
of offshore waters and fortified some of the coastal islands
that had been jumping-off points for refugees. A number of
boats have been fired on in recent weeks, escapees said,
and several refugees arrived here last month either dead
or wounded from gunshots.
Some refugees estimated that at least 20,000 Vietnamese
were ready to flee their country.
Two days before Christmas, 28-year-old Cuong arrived at
Songkhla with nothing but the pair of slacks and the shirt
he wore when he left Vung Tau 10 days before. He was a schoolteacher
in Saigon when the city fell to the Communists in April 1975.
He refused to give his full name since, he said, his parents,
brothers and sisters were still in Cholom, the Chinese section
os,fc j0n.
More than a year ago, he gave up his profession and became
a fisherman, having bought a 25-foot trawler with what money
he had been able to scrape together.
He did not, he said, have the hands of a fisherman and the
first months were difficult. But, he said, he ''established
a pattern - out each morning, back each '
''Then, one day, I added a few extra hands, sailed out to
the fishing grounds, then that night I just kept going,''
he said.
He took only two days' worth of food and water, hoping,
once he hit the major international shipping lanes, to be
picked up by a large boat. But in 13 days on the South China
Sea, he saw only one freighter and it passed by without slowing.
(MORE)
0105 1711ped
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